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Text -- Ezekiel 27:1-28 (NET)

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Context
A Lament for Tyre
27:1 The word of the Lord came to me: 27:2 “You, son of man, sing a lament for Tyre. 27:3 Say to Tyre, who sits at the entrance of the sea, merchant to the peoples on many coasts, ‘This is what the sovereign Lord says: “‘O Tyre, you have said, “I am perfectly beautiful.” 27:4 Your borders are in the heart of the seas; your builders have perfected your beauty. 27:5 They crafted all your planks out of fir trees from Senir; they took a cedar from Lebanon to make your mast. 27:6 They made your oars from oaks of Bashan; they made your deck with cypresses from the Kittean isles. 27:7 Fine linen from Egypt, woven with patterns, was used for your sail to serve as your banner; blue and purple from the coastlands of Elishah was used for your deck’s awning. 27:8 The leaders of Sidon and Arvad were your rowers; your skilled men, O Tyre, were your captains. 27:9 The elders of Gebal and her skilled men were within you, mending cracks; all the ships of the sea and their mariners were within you to trade for your merchandise. 27:10 Men of Persia, Lud, and Put were in your army, men of war. They hung shield and helmet on you; they gave you your splendor. 27:11 The Arvadites joined your army on your walls all around, and the Gammadites were in your towers. They hung their quivers on your walls all around; they perfected your beauty. 27:12 “‘Tarshish was your trade partner because of your abundant wealth; they exchanged silver, iron, tin, and lead for your products. 27:13 Javan, Tubal, and Meshech were your clients; they exchanged slaves and bronze items for your merchandise. 27:14 Beth Togarmah exchanged horses, chargers, and mules for your products. 27:15 The Dedanites were your clients. Many coastlands were your customers; they paid you with ivory tusks and ebony. 27:16 Edom was your trade partner because of the abundance of your goods; they exchanged turquoise, purple, embroidered work, fine linen, coral, and rubies for your products. 27:17 Judah and the land of Israel were your clients; they traded wheat from Minnith, millet, honey, olive oil, and balm for your merchandise. 27:18 Damascus was your trade partner because of the abundance of your goods and of all your wealth: wine from Helbon, white wool from Zahar, 27:19 and casks of wine from Izal they exchanged for your products. Wrought iron, cassia, and sweet cane were among your merchandise. 27:20 Dedan was your client in saddlecloths for riding. 27:21 Arabia and all the princes of Kedar were your trade partners; for lambs, rams, and goats they traded with you. 27:22 The merchants of Sheba and Raamah engaged in trade with you; they traded the best kinds of spices along with precious stones and gold for your products. 27:23 Haran, Kanneh, Eden, merchants from Sheba, Asshur, and Kilmad were your clients. 27:24 They traded with you choice garments, purple clothes and embroidered work, and multicolored carpets, bound and reinforced with cords; these were among your merchandise. 27:25 The ships of Tarshish were the transports for your merchandise. “‘So you were filled and weighed down in the heart of the seas. 27:26 Your rowers have brought you into surging waters. The east wind has wrecked you in the heart of the seas. 27:27 Your wealth, products, and merchandise, your sailors and captains, your ship’s carpenters, your merchants, and all your fighting men within you, along with all your crew who are in you, will fall into the heart of the seas on the day of your downfall. 27:28 At the sound of your captains’ cry the waves will surge;
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Names, People and Places, Dictionary Themes and Topics

Names, People and Places:
 · Arabia the entire region of the Arabian Peninsula, the Sinai Peninsula, the land of Edom, and all the land between the Jordan Valley and the Euphrates River (ZD).,a region of desert plains
 · Arvad a small island off the coast of Syria
 · Asshur a country of northern Mesopotamia
 · Bashan a region east of Lake Galilee between Mt. Hermon and Wadi Yarmuk
 · Beth-Togarmah a people of the far north; descendants of Togarmah
 · Beth-togarmah a people of the far north; descendants of Togarmah
 · Canneh town in Mid-Euphrates used as a trade depot (OS)
 · Chilmad a region probably in the area of Media (ZD)
 · Cyprus an island country located off the east coast of Cilicia in the Mediterranean,the island of Cyprus
 · Damascus a city-state in Syria, located near Mt. Hermon at the edge of the Syrian desert (OS),a town near Mt. Hermon at the edge of the Syrian desert (OS)
 · Dedan an island off the southwest coast of Asia Minor in the Mediterranean Sea,an island on the south coast of Turkey, 170 km NE of Crete
 · Eden a place near where the Tigris and Euphrates Rivers meet (NIVsn),son of Joah (Gershon Levi) in King Hezekiah's time,a district along the Euphrates River south of Haran (NIVsn)
 · Edom resident(s) of the region of Edom
 · Egypt descendants of Mizraim
 · Elishah son of Javan son of Japheth son of Noah,a nation of trading people somewhere around the Great Sea (ZD)
 · Gamad a place (or its people)
 · Gebal a nation of people who oppressed Israel,a town of Phoenicia 30 km north. of Beirut, later called Byblos
 · Haran a town of upper Mesopotamia,an English name representing two different Hebrew names,as representing the Hebrew name 'Haran',son of Terah; brother of Abraham,a Levitical chief of the descendants of Ladan under King David; son of Shimei,as representing the Hebrew name 'Xaran', beginning with a velar fricative,son of Caleb of Judah and Ephah his concubine
 · Helbon a region north of Damascus famous for its wine (OS)
 · Helech a region; the Taurus Mountains of SE Asia Minor (NIVsn)
 · Israel a citizen of Israel.,a member of the nation of Israel
 · Javan son of Japheth son of Noah,a nation, namely Greece (OS)
 · Judah the son of Jacob and Leah; founder of the tribe of Judah,a tribe, the land/country,a son of Joseph; the father of Simeon; an ancestor of Jesus,son of Jacob/Israel and Leah; founder of the tribe of Judah,the tribe of Judah,citizens of the southern kingdom of Judah,citizens of the Persian Province of Judah; the Jews who had returned from Babylonian exile,"house of Judah", a phrase which highlights the political leadership of the tribe of Judah,"king of Judah", a phrase which relates to the southern kingdom of Judah,"kings of Judah", a phrase relating to the southern kingdom of Judah,"princes of Judah", a phrase relating to the kingdom of Judah,the territory allocated to the tribe of Judah, and also the extended territory of the southern kingdom of Judah,the Province of Judah under Persian rule,"hill country of Judah", the relatively cool and green central highlands of the territory of Judah,"the cities of Judah",the language of the Jews; Hebrew,head of a family of Levites who returned from Exile,a Levite who put away his heathen wife,a man who was second in command of Jerusalem; son of Hassenuah of Benjamin,a Levite in charge of the songs of thanksgiving in Nehemiah's time,a leader who helped dedicate Nehemiah's wall,a Levite musician who helped Zechariah of Asaph dedicate Nehemiah's wall
 · Kedar son of Ishmael son of Abraham and Hagar,a people descended from Ishmael's son Kedar
 · Lebanon a mountain range and the adjoining regions (IBD)
 · Lud son of Shem son of Noah,a people from Lydia in Eastern Turkey
 · Meshech son of Japheth son of Noah,son of Aram; (grand)son of Shem son of Noah,a country of Arabs, associated with Kedar,a people of Asia Minor (ancient Turkey OS)
 · Persia citizen(s) of Persia
 · Put son of Ham son of Noah,a nation on the African coast
 · Raamah son of Cush son Ham son of Noah,a city of Arabia, possibly north of Marib in Yemen (IBD, NIVfn)
 · Rhodes an island off the southwest coast of Asia Minor in the Mediterranean Sea,an island on the south coast of Turkey, 170 km NE of Crete
 · more...


Dictionary Themes and Topics: FAIRS | Tyre | SHIPS AND BOATS | TRADE | PHOENICIA; PHOENICIANS | Commerce | Ezekiel, Book of | CRAFTS | Ezekiel | Imports | Market | BUYING | Merchant | Javan | Ivory | ISLAND; ISLE | Arabia | Arvad | OCCUPY | Elishah | more
Table of Contents

Verse Notes / Footnotes
NET Notes

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Commentary -- Verse Notes / Footnotes

NET Notes: Eze 27:2 Heb “lift up over Tyre a lament.”

NET Notes: Eze 27:3 Rome, another economic power, is described in a similar way in Rev 17:1.

NET Notes: Eze 27:4 The city of Tyre is described in the following account as a merchant ship.

NET Notes: Eze 27:5 Perhaps the hull or deck. The term is dual, so perhaps it refers to a double-decked ship.

NET Notes: Eze 27:6 The Kittean isles is probably a reference to southeast Cyprus where the Phoenicians had a colony.

NET Notes: Eze 27:7 This is probably a reference to Cyprus.

NET Notes: Eze 27:8 Or “wise.”

NET Notes: Eze 27:9 The reference to “all the ships of the sea…within you” suggests that the metaphor is changing; previously Tyre had been described as...

NET Notes: Eze 27:10 See Gen 10:22.

NET Notes: Eze 27:11 See note on “quivers” in Jer 51:11 on the meaning of Hebrew שֶׁלֶט (shelet) and also M. Greenberg, Eze...

NET Notes: Eze 27:12 Tarshish refers to a distant seaport sometimes believed to be located in southern Spain (others identified it as Carthage in North Africa). In any eve...

NET Notes: Eze 27:14 The way in which these horses may have been distinguished from other horses is unknown. Cf. ASV “war-horses” (NASB, NIV, NRSV, CEV all sim...

NET Notes: Eze 27:15 Heb “they returned as your gift.”

NET Notes: Eze 27:16 Many Hebrew mss, Aquila’s Greek translation, and the Syriac version read “Edom.” The LXX reads “man,” a translation whic...

NET Notes: Eze 27:17 The location is mentioned in Judg 11:33.

NET Notes: Eze 27:19 According to L. C. Allen (Ezekiel [WBC], 2:82), Izal was located between Haran and the Tigris and was famous for its wine.

NET Notes: Eze 27:25 Or perhaps “Large merchant ships.” The expression “ships of Tarshish” may describe a class of vessel, that is, large oceangoin...

NET Notes: Eze 27:27 Heb “your repairers of damage.” See v. 9.

NET Notes: Eze 27:28 Compare this phrase to Isa 57:20 and Amos 8:8. See M. Greenberg, Ezekiel (AB), 2:561.

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